Civils Prelims 2019 Model Questions TEST 12 on Indian Polity – 2 (16 . 05. 2019 )

Civils Prelims 2019 Model Questions

TEST 12  on Indian  Polity – 2  (16 . 05. 2019 )

                                                                                                Prepared by :Praturi Potayya Sarma,MA,LLB,PGDIRPM

                                                                                                                                 

GENERAL STUDIES / Model Questions based on (Current Affairs - 2018)

1)Consider the following statements :

1. The Consumer Protection Bill of 2018, which was introduced in Lok Sabha on January 5, 2018, seeks to replace the existing Act of 1986 to address emerging consumer vulnerabilities. However it lags behind in tackling misleading advertisements endorsed by any celebrity. The Bill has been under discussion since 2015.

2. The Bill states that any manufacturer or service provider, who puts up a false or misleading advertisement, will be punished with imprisonment of up to two years and fine of up to Rs 10 lakh

3. Consumer Protection Act 1986 was amended thrice in the past—in 1991, 1993 and 2002—based on the experience gained from implementation of the regulation.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

2)Consider the following statements :

1. Delhi has witnessed a 66 per cent increase in the deaths due to respiratory diseases between 2016 and 2014, suggests recently released data by the state government.

2. The Capital recorded a worrying 9,149 respiratory deaths in 2016, up from 5,516 in 2014, the year since when air pollution level has been constantly deteriorating every year, as per the Union Ministry of Environment Forests and Climate Change.

3. In 2016, Delhi not only recorded its worst air quality levels—in terms of particulate matter (PM) 2.5 and PM 10—but also saw the worst smog in over 17 years.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

3)Consider the following statements :

1.PDP,NC  : J&K

2.DMK,AIADMK: TN

3.TDP,YSRCP:AP

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

4)Consider the following statements :

1.TMC:WB

2.BJD:Odisha

3.Shiv Sena :Maharastra

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

5)Consider the following statements : (In fixing MSP for Crops)

1.A2+FL

2.C2=A2+FL+Rent on own land or interest on fixed capital

3. A2+FL+50%

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  c

6)Consider the following statements :

1. Article 239 AA(4) : Lt.Governor, Delhi

2. 1987 :Balakrishnan Report

3. Article 80(1)(a) & 80 (3) Constitution of India : Nomination of Members to Rajya Sabha 

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

7)Seeing the proceedings of Supreme Court of India on TV .

Consider the following statements :

1. Transparency , availability of justice

2.Extension of ‘open court ‘ system

3. Petitioners from long distances like Tamilnadu/Kerala can know their case position 

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

8)Consider the following statements :

1.Savita Law: Ireland

2.Pentrich to Peter Martinsburg: Mahatma Gandhi

3.Krishna River Water Management Board : S.K.Sahoo 

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

9)Consider the following statements :

1.Shangrila Dialogue : Singapore

2.Wuhan : China

3.Quingdao : China SCO Meeting 

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

10)Consider the following statements :

1.Constitution of India 7^th Schedule , List II under entry No. : State Public Services (in context of Delhi)

2.Rowlat Act(1919) drafted by : Sydney Arthur Tailor Rowlat

3. Jamaica Coalition : proposed in  Germany

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

11)Consider the following statements :

1.Article 51( c ) Constitution of India  : Respecting the items mentioned in international acts/agreements 

2. Right to Privacy : Article 21 (inherently ) 

3. Article  35 A     : included in Constituion of India by an ordinance  after 1954

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

12)Consider the following statements :

1. Article 13 of Constitution of India : no act/law should object relating Fundamental Rights

2. Act East Policy : India

3. Belt and Road Initiative : China

4. Indo-Pacific Doctrine : India –Tokyo-Washington

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 , 3 and 4

Ans :  d

13)Consider the following statements :

1. The unilateral approval granted by the Central Water Commission (CWC) to Karnataka to proceed with the preparation of Detailed Project Report (DPR) for the Mekedatu project in violation of the decisions of the tribunal and apex court for equitable apportionment of Cauvery water.

2.  The feasibility report of the proposed Mekedatu Balancing Reservoir-cum-Drinking Water Project in “utter disregard” to the Supreme Court and Cauvery Tribunal decisions to provide ample storage and distribution of water to Tamil Nadu.

3. Tamil Nadu said the Supreme Court had noted that the existing storages in the Cauvery basin of Karnataka should be taken into account for ensuring water releases to Tamil Nadu during the month of June to January.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and 2

(b)2 only

( c ) 1 ,2, 3

(d)3 only

Ans:c

14)Consider the following events:

1. There are over 5,200 large dams in India and about 450 are under construction. 

2. In addition, there are thousands of medium and small dams

3. “If two States agree, then the Centre has the legislative competency to introduce the Bill” 

4. The government said that due to lack of legal and institutional safeguards, dam safety is an issue of concern in the country.

Which of the following is the correct chronological sequence of the above events ?

(a)4 – 1 – 2 – 3

(b)1-2-3-4

( c )3-4-2-1

(d) None of these

Ans : b

15)Consider the following statements :

1. According to the National Crime Records Bureau data, bankruptcy or indebtedness, and farming-related issues were reported as the major causes for suicides among farmers

2. While the Centre would not consider loan waivers, it had initiated a number of measures to reduce the debt burden of farmers and to increase availability of institutional credit to farmers

3. It was not considering any loan waiver scheme as it would affect the credit culture, incentivise defaulters, create a moral hazard and perpetuate demands for further waivers.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and 2

(b)2 only

( c ) 1 ,2, 3

(d)3 only

Ans: c

16)Consider the following events:

1. According to the Ministry of Home Affairs, as many as 822 incidents of communal violence were reported in 2017, an increase of 16.9% over the previous year. 

2. Most incidents (195) were reported in Uttar Pradesh.

3. While the number of such incidents reported in 2014 was 644, it was 751 in 2015 and 703 in 2016.

4. Since 2014, there had been a 27.6% increase in incidence of communal violence.

Which of the following is the correct chronological sequence of the above events ?

(a)4 – 1 – 2 – 3

(b)1-2-3-4

( c )3-2-1-4

(d) 2-1-3-4

Ans : b

17)Consider the following statements :

1. Obesity has become a global pandemic, driven mainly by urbanisation that brought in significant changes to diet and lifestyle.

2. It was until now believed to ensnare people in the urban areas partly because access to highly processed foods and beverages — high in salt, saturated fat and sugar — are much greater and easier in cities than in rural areas.

3. A new study that analysed the global trends in body-mass index (BMI) — a measure of underweight and overweight — showed spurt in weight gain in rural areas, and determined it as the main culprit behind the worldwide epidemic.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and 2

(b)2 only

( c ) 1 , 2, 3

(d)3 only

Ans : c

18)Consider the following events:

1.  State governments were competent to enact legislation to prevent lynching in the name of cow-vigilantism and it was the responsibility of the State to prevent such crimes.

2. Ministry of Home Affairs said it issued an advisory to all States in 2016 “for taking prompt and strict action against miscreants who take law into their own hands in the name of protection of cow.”

3. It is  also informed the Lok Sabha that it had issued “revised communal harmony guidelines laying down standard operating procedures to deal with the situations arising out of communal violence.”

4. They were aimed at maintaining due vigilance, careful planning and taking preparatory measures to prevent and pre-empt potential communal violence

Which of the following is the correct chronological sequence of the above events ?

(a)4 – 1 – 2 – 3

(b) 1-2-3-4

( c )2-3-4-1

(d) 3-1-4-2

Ans : b

19) The entry of women between the age of 10 and 50 to Sabarimala.

 Consider the following statements : 

1. It will be inexpedient to withdraw the police arrangements at the Sannidhanam, Pampa and Nilackal or lift the prohibitory orders now in place at the religiously sensitive high-security zone.

2. The police said they had told the committee that they had no plans to block pilgrims or deprive them of space to worship near the sanctum. 

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and 2

(b)2 only

( c ) 1 and 3

(d)3 only

Ans:a

20)Consider the following events:

1. The Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change has approved the terms of reference (ToR) for carrying out the Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) study for the new Mullaperiyar dam mooted by Kerala.

2. The new dam falls in the ecologically fragile Periyar Tiger Reserve (PTR)

3. The initial gesture from Tamil Nadu on the release of water from Mullaperiyar during the August floods was not ‘good’.

4. Those who were staying in the downstream of Idukki reservoir and had lost their home and land in the floods would be allocated new land and rehabilitated. 

Which of the following is the correct chronological sequence of the above events ?

(a)4 – 1 – 2 – 3

(b)1-2-3-4

( c )2-3-4-1

(d) 3-1-2-4

Ans: b

21)Consider the following statements :

1. The Supreme Court  extended the deadline for submission of claims and objections for inclusion in the Assam National Register of Citizens (NRC) from December 15 to December 31, 2018.

2. The court further directed NRC and State authorities to make available copies of draft NRC at district magistrate offices, gram panchayat offices, sub divisional offices so that those who want to file objections could easily verify the Application Receipt Numbers (ARN) of those already included in the final draft NRC.

3. On November 1,2018 a Bench of Justice Gogoi and Justice Nariman had approved the Centre’s draft Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for submission of claims for inclusion in the NRC. 

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and 2

(b)2 only

( c ) 1 ,2, 3

(d)3 only

Ans: c

22)Consider the following events:

1. The Indian Rupee declined by 16 paise to close at 72.01 against the U.S. dollar in 2018 amid strengthening of the greenback and rising crude oil prices even as the equity markets staged a sharp upmove.

2. The weakness in the Indian Rupee comes amid the prompt appointment of former bureaucrat Shaktikanta Das as the new RBI Governor.

3. Forex traders said the Indian Rupee came under pressure following strengthening of the US Dollar against major global currencies overseas and rise in crude oil prices. 4.However, a significant surge in domestic equities capped the fall.

Which of the following is the correct chronological sequence of the above events ?

(a)4 – 1 – 2 – 3

(b) 1-2-3-4

( c )2-3-4-1

(d) 3-4-2-1

Ans: b

23)Consider the following statements :

1. Archaeologists have unearthed an ancient tomb with mummies believed to date back about 2,000 years in the southern city of Aswan. 

2. The Antiquities Ministry said in a statement  that the tomb is from the Greco-Roman period that began with Alexander the Great in 332 B.C.

3.Aswan is in Egypt

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1,2,3

(b)2 only

( c ) Neither 1 nor 2

(d) 1 only

Ans: a

24)Consider the following events:

1. The orbit of Phaethon brings it closer to the Sun (within 6.4 million miles) between December 4-16 every year. 

2. Phaethon’s debris trail should become visible to the naked eye after 9 pm on December 13, peaking after midnight with as many as 120 meteors per hour. The Geminid meteor shower was first discovered through satellite 35 years ago.

3. Named after the Gemini constellation, where the meteors are believed to be originating, the Geminid meteor shower is also called the “rock comet”.

4. They are however not one comet, but the fragments of an unusual asteroid called Phaethon 3200, named after the Greek god Apollo’s son.

5. Named after the Gemini constellation, where the meteors are believed to be originating, the Geminid meteor shower is also called the “rock comet”. They are however not one comet, but the fragments of an unusual asteroid called Phaethon 3200, named after the Greek god Apollo’s son.

Which of the following is the correct chronological sequence of the above events ?

(a)4 – 1 – 2 – 3

(b) 1-2-3-4-5

( c ) 2-3-4

(d)  None of these

Ans : b

25)Consider the following statements :

1. Over 2 lakh people have visited the website since the portal was launched on September 20 to receive complaints from citizens on objectionable online content related to child pornography, child sexual abuse material, and sexually explicit material such as rape and gang rape.

2. The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has approached U.S.-based search engine Google for sharing its Application Programming Interface (API) for identifying child sexual abuse material on social media platforms.

3. In an affidavit filed in the Supreme Court, the MHA said that as many as 26 First Information Reports were registered based on complaints against child pornography and sexual harassment faced by women received on 

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and 2

(b)2 only

( c ) 1 ,2, 3

(d)3 only

Ans : c

26)Consider the following events:

1. SWIFT was formed in 1973 by a group of seven banks

2. The(SWIFT) Brussels based member-owned cooperative has since gained near – universal acceptance, with over 11,000 financial institutions from 200 countries enrolled on its network.

Which of the following is the correct chronological sequence of the above events ?

(a) 1 and 2

(b) 1 only

( c )2 only

(d) 1 and 2

Ans : d

27)Consider the following statements :

1) Letter of Undertaking (LoU)

2) It is a document issued by a bank, guaranteeing the credit-worthiness of a client for overseas export payments.

3) The bank stands as guarantor for the client and is liable for the repayment of the principal and interest of the amount for which the LoU was drawn

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and 2

(b)2 only

( c ) 1 ,2, 3

(d)3 only

Ans : c

28)Consider the following events:

1. The 150-page judgment Madras High Court ,C had pointed out the significant differences in the powers conferred on the legislatures of Puducherry and Delhi under Articles 239A and 239AA of the Constitution

2.  Unlike Article 239AA, which imposes several restrictions on the legislature of Delhi, no such restrictions had been imposed explicitly in the case of Puducherry under Article 239A, the High Court had held.

3. “The above Article symbolises the supremacy of the Legislature above the Administrator in case of the Union Territory of Puducherry.”

4. The judge held that secretaries of the Puducherry administration were required to report to the Council of Ministers headed by the Chief Minister on all official matters.

Which of the following is the correct chronological sequence of the above events ?

(a)4 – 1 – 2 – 3

(b)  1-2-3-4

( c )2-3-4-1

(d)2-4-1-3

Ans: b

19)Consider the following statements :

1. Yellow rust disease of wheat, also known as ‘stripe rust of wheat’, is a disease caused by fungus Puccinia — frequently found in cold wheat growing regions such as North Western Plains Zone and Northern Hills Zone.

2. Currently used wheat cultivars in India have a part of rye chromosome which confers resistance to yellow rust and powdery mildew disease.

3. This infection, which causes reduction of kernel numbers per spike and decreases the weight of wheat kernels, is capable of causing up to 70 per cent decline in wheat yields.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans: d

Ans :  d

30)Consider the following statements :

1. The findings do resonate with the Economic Survey of India which warned that climate change could reduce annual agricultural incomes in the range of 15-18 per cent on average, and up to 20-25 per cent for unirrigated areas.

2. In fact the proportion of dry days (rainfall less than 0.1 mm per day) have increased steadily over the last one decade, and extreme rainfall shocks resulted in a 12.8 per cent decline in kharif yields.

3. The frequency and severity of climate extremes is projected to further increase in most regions worldwide, which is likely to affect the agricultural productivity.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans : d

31)Consider the following statements :

1. The frequency and severity of climate extremes is projected to further increase in most regions worldwide, which is likely to affect the agricultural productivity.

2. The food and beverage multinational recently sued farmers in Gujarat for cultivating their proprietary FC5 variety of potatoes(Atlanta) that are used to make Lay’s chips. This variety is designed to have less moisture and sugar content than other spuds.

3.  Protection of Plant Varieties & Farmers Rights (PPV&FR) Act 2001 lets farmers cultivate any variety they like to, including the patented variety of potatoes, say activists.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

32)Consider the following statements :

1. The NCRB data shows that in 2015, as many as 8,007 farmers and 4,595 agricultural labourers committed suicide. 

2. Psychological help is a new and scattered effort though many states are witnessing distress suicides by farmers. Society for Rural and Urban Joint Activities (SRUJAN), a grassroot level non-profit, is working with the farmers in Yavatmal district of Maharashtra 2005 onwards on farm distress related issues

3. The approach of the organisation has been to create dependable community-based support system, to go along with providing psycho-logical counselling.

4. “The idea is to not let the farmer in distress feel that he is alone. We organise meetings with farmers and sensitise them about mental health issues like depression”

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 4 only

(d) 1,2 ,3,4

Ans :  d

33)Consider the following statements :

1. Irrespective of employment category (casual and regular/salaried), organised or unorganised sector, and location (urban and rural), women workers in India are paid a lower wage rate

2. The gender pay gap was 34 per cent in India, that is, women get 34 per cent less compared to men for performing the same job with same qualifications

3. The wage difference is lesser for more skilled workers and more for semi-skilled or unskilled workers. Across enterprise type, wage difference is less for government/public sector and public/private limited company.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

34)Consider the following statements :

1. Pune-based National Institute of Virology (NIV) has come out with a study on strains of Zika virus (ZIKV) that led to an outbreak in Rajasthan in 2018, and in Gujarat and Tamil Nadu in 2016 and 2017 respectively

2. The US-based Centre for Disease Control had issued a level 2 (out of 3 levels) alert in December 2018. In its advisory, it advised pregnant women not to visit areas exposed to Zika in India as ZIKV was endemic (regularly found).

3. “Once ZIKV establishes in the Indian ecosystem, its chances of mutation (to other forms) cannot be neglected. “

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

35)Consider the following statements :

1. Drug prices are  escalating . Not  able to curb the business of substandard drugs

2. One report  added that drugs account for more than 70 per cent of one’s medical expenses. This has happened since the government decided to adopt market-based pricing system instead of calculating it through cost of production.

3. The panel also highlighted that difference between prices of drugs sold at Jan Aushadhi Kendras (JAKs) and that of branded medicines is too high due to promotional cost. So it asked the government to ensure drug prices are not more than a certain ceiling fixed by National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority. But, it did not define the ceiling.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

36)Consider the following statements :

1. Oxytocin is a drug that induces labour and controls bleeding during child birth.

2. But, the hormone is also used controversially in milch cattle to enhance milk production.

3. This, in turn, has adverse effects on the health of cattle as well as humans who consume the milk. This is the government’s reason for putting curbs on it.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

37)Based on safety limits prescribed by the International Commission on Non Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), the review report had said that there was no substantive or convincing evidence of cell phone radiation’s biological effects that could harm a person’s health. The ICNIRP standard uses the limit of 450 μW/cm2

Consider the following statements :

1. In international standards, “thermal effect” of radiation refers to the heat that is generated due to absorption of microwave radiation which causes cellular and physiological changes in living beings. This effect may be responsible for genetic defects, effects on reproduction and development, central nervous system behavior and many similar serious health consequences.

2. Non-thermal effects of radiation have been shown to be responsible for fatigue, irritability, headaches, nausea, loss of appetite, sleep disturbance, disruption and other psychological disorders, memory loss and difficulties in concentration.

3. While stating that there was no impact of radiation from towers, the CPCB has said that this concern on health hazards needed further research, both national as well as international.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

38)Consider the following statements :

1. Many questions have been raised after the Delhi and Madras high courts issued a sweeping ban on the online sale of medicines till the central government frames rules to regulate online pharmacies and such entities.

2. The pharmacies have appealed to the court to remove the ban on online sale of drugs, arguing that they had the necessary licences and nothing is being sold illegally.

3. Online sale of medicines would lead to a drug epidemic, drug abuse and mis-utilisation of habit forming and addictive drugs”.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

39)Consider the following statements :

1. The Lok Sabha passed the Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill, 2016, on December 19 with a voice vote amid repeated disruptions and adjournements.

2. The Bill ensures effective regulation of surrogacy, prohibits commercial surrogacy, and allows altruistic surrogacy to needy Indian infertile couples who have been married for at least 5 years.

3. Under the Bill, the surrogate mother and the intending couple need eligibility certificates from the appropriate authority. The surrogate mother must be a “close relative” of the couple who intend to have the baby through surrogacy. She must have herself borne a child, should not be a Non Resident Indian or a foreigner and can be a surrogate only once in her lifetime.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

40)Consider the following statements :

1. Currently, there are no drugs available to treat Ebola, Dengue and Zika diseases

2. The Ebola virus, which was first reported in 1976, bleeds 50 per cent of its victims to death. The disease has resurfaced in the conflict-ridden Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), while its worse outbreak occurred in West Africa between 2013 and 2016, causing about 28,000 infections and 11,000 deaths.

3. Zika, a zoonotic disease, was declared a public health emergency of international concern in February, 2016. It was first isolated from the rhesus monkey in Uganda’s Zika forest in 1947 and in humans in 1952, but in 2007, there was a massive outbreak. And dengue has continued to remain a huge cause of concern for health authorities in India, especially in Delhi.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

41) Chhattisgarh’s Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTG),Consider the following statements :

1. Kamar, Pahari Korwa, Abhujhmaria are tribes

2. Birhor tribes apart from the Baigas

3. These are the most vulnerable among India’s indigenous communities.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

42)Consider the following statements :

1. Deposits of talc—used in cosmetics, baby products, women’s hygiene products and antiperspirants—are often near deposits of asbestos and there is frequent cross-contamination. Asbestos has been linked with cancer.

2. talc-based products contain asbestos and caused her lung cancer, mesothelioma.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2  only

( c ) 1 only

(d) None of these

Ans :  a

43)Consider the following statements :

1. After Gujarat and Punjab, now Uttar Pradesh has lost two children to Measles-Rubella vaccination and several other schoolchildren have fallen sick in Pilibhit and Shahjahanpur districts.

2. The vaccination drive was kicked off only after the World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) and the health department conducted experiments on it.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 1  only

( c ) 2 only

(d) None of these

Ans :a 

44)Consider the following statements :

1. The 2017-2018 winters were the third consecutive warmer winter in India. February 2018 was the warmest in the last 118 years. Mean temperatures for January-February 2018 were 0.53°C higher than the normal of 22.17°C for this period.

2. Apart from El Nino, global warming could also be playing a role here as the temperatures in northwest India have been generally above the normal over the past few years. Last year’s winter too saw normal to slightly above-normal temperatures.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2  only

( c ) 1 only

(d) None of these

Ans : a

45)Consider the following statements :

1. On October 25, 120 UN member countries signed the Astana Declaration, vowing to strengthen primary healthcare and achieve universal health coverage by 2030.

2. This is the second time the world took this pledge. In 1978, 134 nations signed the Alma-Ata Declaration with the same pledge

3. As populations age, and multimorbidity becomes the norm, the role of primary health-care workers becomes ever more important.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

46)Consider the following statements :

1. The world is unlikely to reach the target of universal sanitation coverage – where every person in the world has access to toilets that safely contain excreta – by 2030 unless countries make policy shifts and invest more funds, said the World Health Organization (WHO) as it launched its first global guidelines on sanitation and health.

2. The guidelines can help countries reduce the 829,000 annual diarrhoeal deaths due to unsafe water, sanitation and hygiene.

3. According to the global health body, for every US$ 1 invested in sanitation, it expects a nearly six-fold return as measured by lower health costs, increased productivity and fewer premature deaths. 

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

47)Consider the following statements :

1. Globally, 1.34 billion people live in multidimensional poverty in 105 developing countries. Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia have 83 per cent (more than 1.1 billion) of total multidimensional poor people in the world, according to the 2018 Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI).

2. While India moved 271 million people out of poverty between 2005-06 and 2015-16, the country still has the largest number of people (364 million) living in multidimensional poverty. 

3. Alirajpur district in Madhya Pradesh is the poorest in the country where 76.5 per cent of people are poor.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

48)Consider the following statements :

1. Hepatitis A and E are typically caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water. Hepatitis B, C and D usually occur as a result of parenteral contact with infected body fluids. 

2. Common modes of transmission of these viruses include transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, invasive medical procedures using contaminated equipment; in the case of hepatitis B, the virus gets transmitted from mother to baby at birth, from family member to child, and also by sexual contact. The government of India has included vaccine of hepatitis B in its vaccination programme.

3. Hepatitis C is a blood borne-disease. As in the case of HIV/AIDS, it spreads through contact with infected blood and shared needles, particularly among drug users. The main sources of HCV are injected drugs and unsafe blood. 

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

49)Consider the following statements :

1. In its one of the most awaited verdicts, the constitution bench of the Supreme Court on September 6,2018 decriminalised gay sex in the Indian Union.

2. The decision is likely to have a significant impact on the Lesbian-Gay-Bisexual-Transgender-Queer (LGBTQ) community who had been facing legal hardships, and consequently, many health challenges due to the archaic law.

3. Health experts and agencies have always reiterated that Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC), which was framed in 1861, creates obstacles in carrying out awareness regarding HIV/AIDS.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

50)Consider the following statements :

1. “Rat fever” or leptospirosis, a bacterial disease transmitted in water containing urine from rodents and other animals

2. Leptospirosis rarely spreads from person to person and can be treated with common antibiotics. Its symptoms include muscle pain and fever.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2  only

( c ) 1 only

(d) None of these

Ans :  d

51)Consider the following statements :

1. A new study has warned that over two-thirds of India's districts are unlikely to achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target of reducing deaths to 25 or less per 1,000 live births in under 5-year-old children and 12 or less per 1,000 live births for newborns by 2030.

2. The study is based on analysis of data from the 2015–2016 National Family Health Survey (NFHS).

3. Of the 613 districts considered, 9 per cent and 14 per cent have already achieved the target for reducing the deaths in newborns and under 5-year-old children, respectively. But nearly half the districts (315) are unlikely to achieve the target by 2030. Most of the poorly performing districts are located in Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans: d

52)Consider the following statements :

1. The Union government on May 7 signed a loan deal worth US $200 million with the World Bank for the National Nutrition Mission or POSHAN Abhiyaan. The loan would help India in achieving its goal of reducing stunting in children 0-6 years of age from 38.4 per cent to 25 per cent by 2022.

2. The POSHAN (PM’s Overarching Scheme for Holistic Nourishment) Abhiyaan was launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on March 8 this year at Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan.

3. The scheme aims to ensure holistic development and adequate nutrition for pregnant women, mothers and children. It also targets to reduce the level of stunting, under-nutrition, anaemia and low birth rate.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

53)Consider the following statements :

1. In March  2018, the Supreme Court (SC) in a landmark judgement declared the right to die with dignity as a fundamental right and passed an order allowing End of Life Care (EOLC), passive euthanasia in common parlance, in the country.

2.Justice D Y Chandrachud, a member of the five-judge bench of the apex court headed by the Chief Justice of India  said, “Life and death are inseparable. Every moment our bodies undergo change… life is not disconnected from death. Dying is a part of the process of living.”

3. In passive euthanasia, the patient dies because the mechanism (life-support machines) that keeps the patient alive is removed. In active euthanasia, medical professionals, or a relevant authority, act upon a patient’s desire (such as giving an injection or medication) to die. 

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d

54)Consider the following statements :

1. Egg-laying poultry birds should be administered antibiotics only to treat diseases, that too under veterinary supervision

2. In food animals, antibiotics are misused in two ways: They are fed to chicken to fatten them and also to prevent diseases — as a substitute to farm hygiene. 

3. In India and across the world, antibiotics are misused in food animals such as poultry. This adds to the growing burden of antibiotic resistance (ABR), recognised by the World Health Organization as a global public health challenge. 

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and  2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

( c ) 3 only

(d) 1,2 and 3

Ans :  d